译middot中医中医内科学之感冒

感冒

病机：卫表不和，肺失宣肃

：disharmonyoftheweiexterior,lungfailingtodiffuseandgoverndescent.

辨证论治：恶寒重，发热轻，无汗者，多属表寒；恶汗轻发热重，有汗，咽喉肿痛者，多属表热。临床主要分为风寒证、风热证、表寒里热证和暑湿证。

Patientswithmorechills,lessfeverandnosweatingmostlybelongtotheexteriorcoldsyndrome,whereasthosewithlesschill,morefever,sweating,redandswellingthroatmainlypertaintotheexteriorheatsyndrome.Clinicallycoldshavefourtypesofsyndromesthatarewind-cold,wind-heat,exteriorcoldandinteriorheat,andsummer-heatanddampness.

一、风寒束表证

证候：恶寒重，发热轻，无汗，头痛，肢节酸疼，鼻塞严重，或鼻痒喷嚏，时流清涕，咽痒，咳嗽，咳痰稀薄色白，口不渴或渴喜热饮，舌苔薄白而润，脉浮或浮紧。

：Severechill,mildfever,nosweating,headache,sorelimbs,stuffynose,muffledvoice,thinnasaldischarge,throatitching,coughwithclearandthinsputum,whiteandthintonguecoating,andfloatingorfloatingandtightpulse.

治法：辛温解表

：Torelieveexteriorsyndromewithpungentandwarmherbs.

代表方：荆防败毒散

：ModifiedJingFangBaiduSan

二、风热犯表证

证候：发热重，微恶风寒，汗出不畅，头胀痛，咽干咽痛或咽喉乳蛾红肿疼痛，口渴欲饮，鼻塞流浊涕，咳嗽痰黄，舌尖红，苔薄黄，脉浮数。

：Severefever,slightchill,obstructedsweating,distendingpaininhehead,dryandsorethroat,orredandswellingtonsil,thirstwithadesiretodrink,stuffynosewithstickydischarge,coughwithyellowsputum,redtonguetip,thinandyellowtonguecoating,andfloatingandrapidpulse.

治法：辛凉解表

：Torelieveexteriorsyndromewithpungentandcoldherbs.

代表方：银翘散或葱豉桔梗汤

：ModifiedYinQiaoSanorCongChiJieBiaoTang

三、暑湿伤表证

证候：身热，微恶风，汗少或汗出热不解，肢体酸重或疼痛，头昏重胀痛，咳嗽痰黏，鼻流浊涕，心烦口渴，渴不多饮，胸闷泛恶，小便短赤，舌苔薄黄而腻，脉濡数。

：Fever,slightaversiontocold,littlesweating,orsweatingwithoutrelievingfever,heavyorsorelimbs,dizziness,heavyanddistendingsensationofthehead,coughwithstickysputum,stickynasaldischarge,restlessness,thirstwithoutmuchdesiretodrink,feelingofoppressioninthechest,acidregurgitation,scantydarkurine,thin,yellowandgreasytonguecoating,andsoggyandrapidpulse.

治法：清暑祛湿解表

：Toclearawaysummerheat,resolvedampnessandrelieveexteriorsyndrome.

代表方：新加香薷饮

：ModifiedXinjiaXiangruYin.

编辑：莫CD

指导：JeffChoi